Gasolene-burner.



No. 690,608. I Patented Ian. 7,- I902.

w. cQ RAND. GASULENE BURNER.

(Application filed June 18, 1900.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

THE nomus PETERS 0a.. PNOTO-LITHO. WASHINGTON. n. c..

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' WILLIAM CLARENCE RAND, OF LEWISTON,-'MAINE.

GAS OLENE-BURNER.

5PEGIFIGATION formingpart of Letters Iatent No. 690,608, dated January7, 1902.

Application filed June 18, 1900.

*rized liquid as fuel, and is especially designed for vehicles propelledby steam, and certain characteristic features hereinafter set forthpeculiarly adapt it to this use. For this purpose it is desirable thatthe upward current of heated air and gas in each boiler-tube should beas nearly as possible the same both in quantity and temperature as inevery other and that this upward current should be capable of supplyingeach tube upon occasion with all theheat it can safely transmit to thewater and steam. Furthermore, it is of course desirable that nohydrocarbon vapor shall pass through the boiler tubes without beingconsumed and that they supply of air for feeding and diluting the -fiameshall at all times adjust itself to the amount of vapor supplied.

The requirements above mentioned become very difficult to meet in theconstruction of a burner which is to be used on amoving ve hicle onaccount of the air-currents, which are liable to shiftgsuddenly both instrength and direction. Apart of the abovedifficulties are avoided indevices now in use. Their construction, however, does not provice forthe very intimate mixture of air and vapor which is desirable beforeburning, and the upward draft through the air-tubescannot mix thoroughlywith the contents of the burning-chamber before entering theboiler-tubes.

A principal object of my invention is to provide a burner which shallmeet the-requirements above mentioned and shall also insure the thoroughmixture of the airand vapor before burning and a uniform dilution withair of the intensely-heated products of combustion before they enter theboilertubes.

A further object of my invention is to provide a burner' which shall bedurable in use and easy to repair and replace.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is Serial No. 20,650. .(N'omodel-J a plan of'my device; Fig. 2, apartial sectional perspective.Fig. 3. is a full-size sectional elevation of a part of my device; Fig.4, a plan in which parts not shown in Fig. 1

are uncovered; Fig. 5, a partial section of a ject to be heated andshould be of sufficient, height to inclose a burning-chamber and protectit from side drafts. When the object to be heated is a verticalsteam-boiler, the shell A is preferably fitted and attached to it. Thelower edge of Ais bent upward, as shown in Fig. 2, to-formasupporting-fiange A, on which the ends of the perforated chambers Nrest. These perforated chambers N serve both as burners andmixing-chambers. They are entirely similar in construction, andl preferto make them by cutting drawn-steel tubing into proper lengths andplugging the ends. Each of the chambers N is divided into an upperand alower part by the roof-shaped distributing-plate R, (shown in Figs. 4and 6,) which is made to fit spring-tight in N and is perforated at theridge by a series ofholes 0, that are spaced farther apart at the centerthan at the ends to help in equalizing the pressure of the mixed air andgas at the perforations w 'v in the upper surface of N. For asimilarreason the two series of perforations w and o are equidistant from theseries 0. The perforated chambers N are placed parallel to each otherand at equal distances apart. It is important that this separating-spacebetween any two adjacentchambers, N should be as narrow as will permitsufficient air to pass through, since any unnecessary flow of air wastesthe heat from the burner and any increase in the width of theseparating-spaces will increase the flow of air and will also make theaction of the burner more easily'affected by changing air-currents.Furthermore, when this separating-space is made narrow the crosssectionof the adjacent chambers N and N becomes important. With the circularcrosssection shown the air from the whole-under surface of the tubesflows smoothly into the narrow spaces between them and then spreadssmoothly over the whole upper surface without forming noticeable eddies.For this reason when the cross-section of the chambers N isapproximately the same as shown they can be placed much more closely toeach other than would be possible with an irregular or angularcross-section. On the other hand, the advantages of the roundedcross-section very rapidly decrease with an increase in the width of theseparating spaces between N and N of Fig. 7.

Each of the tubes N fits intoa seat milled for it in the upper side ofthe primary mixingchamber M and is clamped thereto by a screw S, whichpasses through a counterbored hole h in the lower side of M. Althoughseparate holes may be bored through N to admit the air and vapor from M,I prefer to make a chamber 1) in the upper part of S and connect it withM by one or more holes, as c, as shown in Fig. 5. l

The primary mixing-chamber Mis conveniently made, as shown, of asuitable piece of tubing plugged at the ends, and the crosssection shownhas the further advantage that it does not noticeably obstruct the fiowof air to the burning-apertures w o directly above it, since the airreadily closes in over its rounded upper surface with little tendency toform eddies. The chamber M is preferably placed so as to cross thechambers Nat right angles and divide each of them into two equal parts.In Figs. 2 and 4 the chamber M is shown as divided into two parts m m bythe partition P. These parts m m are pro vided with thedistributing-tubes D D, to which feed-tubes K K are joined, that arefed-with a mixture of air and vapor by blastnozzles of the usualconstruction. The outer end of K is turned at right angles to K so thata gust of wind which is liable to blow out one half the burner will belittle likely to affect the other. When this wind danger is consideredunimportant, the mixing-chamber M may be left undivided, as in Fig. 6,and the single feed-tube K inserted atits middle point, where it entersthe single distributing-tube D. The distributing-tubes D D D are placedclose to the sides of M M, through which K K K enter, and are eachperforated by a series of holes, as a, which open toward the adjacentsides of M or M. These holes a are placed twice as far apart at thecenters of D, D, or D as at the ends in order to equalize the pressurein M or M.

As hereinbefore stated, it'is very important in the working of a burnerfor a steam-automobile that the vapor and air shall be as thoroughlymixed as possible with nearly sufficient air for its combustion. I havetherefore provided for remixing, as above specified, the mixed air andvapor from a primary mixing-chamber close to the point of burning. Ifthe mixing is carried to an extreme point in both the primary andsecondary mixingchambers, it may produce an objectionable and needlessback pressure. In such a case fairly good results may be obtained bythrowing the larger part of the work on either the primary or thesecondary chambers; but my experiments have led me to prefer to providefor the greater part of the mixing in the secondary chambers by theconstruction shown and described.

When I wish to make use of my invention, I blow gasolene-vapor into theouter ends of the tubes K K in the usual manner, from which it passesinto the distributing-tubes D D. Issuing from the perforations a in jetsand striking the inner wall of M the air and vapor are mixed in agreater or less degree and pass upward through the perforated screws Sinto the chambers N, where after a more intimate mixture by issuing injets from the holes 0 in the ridge of R and striking against theadjacent surface of N the combination of air and vapor issues from theseries of apertures 10 and U and is lighted. The size of the flames isvaried in the usual manner by varying the flow of gasolene. The evennessof pressure obtained by my construction and the smoothness of air-flowpermit of running a very low flame when desired.

When, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, two feedtubes K K, acting at rightangles, are used, it becomes nearly impossible for a gust of wind toblow out both sides of the burner at once, and the side blown out willimmedi ately relight itself from the other flame. Even when but onefeedtube K is used the combined action of various features hereinbeforespecified greatly reduce the liability to flickering and blowing out,and any flame which is driven back into N by a gust of wind is chilledand smothered between N and R before it has time to do damage, and if byaccident one of the chambers N is injured by heat it is easily removed,by turning out the screw S, and another put in its place.

Having now fully described my invention and the manner of using, what Iclaim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a gasolene-burner for steam-boilers, a supporting-shell whichcorresponds in shape with the boiler and has an inwardly-projectingflange that supports the other parts of the device, a series of parallelchambers perforated throughout their length to act as burners,separatedby relatively narrow air-spaces, and approximately covering the wholelower opening of the shell and a mixing-chamber which is clamped to thelower side of each perforated ehamberand communicates therewith; all incombination With each other and with means for supplying air and vaporto the mixing-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a gasolene-burner for steam-boilers, a supporting-shell whichcorresponds in shape with the boiler and has an inwardly-projectingflange that supports the other parts of the burner, a series ofparallel-sided chambers resting upon the supporting-shell which haveburner perforations regularly distributedthroughout their whole length,and'vary in length to correspond with the varying width of thesupporting-shell, a mixing-chamber to which each parallel perforatedchamber is attached near the-middle of'its lower side, and with whicheach communicates and a feedtube through which air and vapor aresupplied to the mixing-chamber, all combined with each other as and forthe purpose set forth.

3. In a gasolene-burner a series of cylindrical chambers perforated ontheir upper sides, a mixing-chamber having a series of transversenotches in its upper surface in which the cylindrical perforatedchambers fit closely, and through which they communicate with themixing-chamber, and a series of screws which screw into the lower sideof each perforated chamber, pass through the lower side of themixing-chamber and clamp the perforated chambers to the mixing-chamber,all combined with each other and with means of supplying air and vaporto the mixingchamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a gasolene-buruer-a series of cylindrical chambers perforated onthe upper side, a primary mixing-chamber having a curved upper surface,a series of transverse notches in this curved upper surface in which theperforated cylinders fit and through which they communicate with theprimary mixing-cylinder, and a series of screws which, passing throughthe lower side of the mixing-chamber and into the bottoms of theperforated chambers clamp the perforated chambers to the primarymixing-chamber, all combined with each other and with means of supplyingair and vapor to the primary mixing-chamber substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

5. In a gasolene-burner, a series of perforated burner-chambers, aprimary mixingchamber, means of supplying air' and vapor thereto aseries of screws which clamp the perforated chambers to the primarymixing-, chamber and an air-chamber in each screw which communicateswith both the primary mixing-chamber and the perforated chamberallcoinbined with each other as and for the purpose setforth. v

6. In a gasolene-burnera cylindrical chamber closed at theends,burning-apertures symmetrically arranged on the upper surface ofthe chamber, a roof-shaped distributing-partition which fits tightly inthe cylindrical chamber and divides it into an upper and a lowercompartment, a series of perforations which pass through the upperpartof. the roofshaped partition and connect the upper compartment ofthe cylindrical chamber with the lower, and a connection between thelower side of the cylindrical chamber and a source of mixedair and vaporall as and for the purpose set forth,

In testimony whereof I have signed my a name to this specification inthe two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM CLARENCE RAND; Witnesses: v

WILLIAM H. PUTNAM, LORENZO W. FALES.

presence of

